12 Foods That Make Eczema Worse

1. Dairy Products

Dairy is one of the most common food triggers for eczema, especially in infants and young children. Cow’s milk contains proteins such as casein and whey that can provoke an immune response, leading to inflammation and eczema flare-ups. Dairy products like cheese, yogurt, cream, and ice cream are often implicated. Some children with eczema show significant improvement when dairy is eliminated from their diet, although this should be done under medical supervision to ensure nutritional needs are met. Non-dairy alternatives such as almond, soy, or coconut milk can be considered as substitutes1234.

2. Eggs

Eggs, particularly egg whites, are another frequent allergen linked to eczema flare-ups. The proteins in eggs can trigger immune system reactions, causing increased inflammation and itching. This is especially common in children with eczema. Studies have found a higher risk of eczema development associated with egg allergies. For those sensitive to eggs, alternatives like vegan egg substitutes or tofu can be used in cooking and baking1234.

3. Peanuts and Tree Nuts

Peanuts and tree nuts (such as walnuts, almonds, cashews, pecans, pistachios, and Brazil nuts) are well-known allergens that can worsen eczema symptoms in allergic individuals. Eczema is a key risk factor for developing peanut allergies, and exposure to peanuts or nuts can exacerbate eczema flare-ups. People with eczema and nut allergies should avoid these foods and be cautious about cross-contamination1354.

4. Wheat and Gluten

Wheat and gluten-containing grains (barley, rye) may contribute to eczema flare-ups, particularly in people with gluten sensitivity or celiac disease. Research has shown a significant association between atopic dermatitis and celiac disease, an autoimmune condition triggered by gluten. Many individuals with eczema report symptom improvement on a gluten-free diet. However, gluten elimination should be guided by a healthcare professional to avoid nutritional deficiencies1234.

5. Soy

Soy is a common allergen found in many processed foods, including soy milk, tofu, soy sauce, and baked goods. Soy proteins can trigger immune responses that worsen eczema symptoms, especially in children and teenagers. Eliminating soy from the diet has been shown to improve eczema in some cases. Soy-free alternatives like almond or coconut milk can be used as substitutes1234.

6. Fish and Shellfish

Fish and shellfish allergies are also linked to eczema flare-ups. These foods can trigger allergic reactions that worsen skin inflammation. If fish or shellfish are identified as triggers, they should be avoided, and omega-3 fatty acids can be obtained from other sources or supplements after consulting a doctor135.

7. Citrus Fruits

Citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons, limes, and grapefruits contain compounds like coumarins and furanocoumarins, which can cause eczema flare-ups in some people, especially when combined with ultraviolet (UV) exposure. Additionally, citrus fruits contain Balsam of Peru, a known allergen that can aggravate eczema symptoms. People sensitive to this allergen may also react to other foods and fragrances containing it356.

8. Tomatoes and Nightshade Vegetables

Tomatoes, along with other nightshade vegetables like peppers, eggplants, and potatoes, contain Balsam of Peru and other compounds that may trigger eczema flare-ups in sensitive individuals. Some people report worsening of eczema symptoms after consuming these foods. Limiting or avoiding nightshades may benefit those who notice a correlation between these vegetables and their skin condition3756.

9. Processed Foods and Added Sugars

Highly processed foods often contain additives, preservatives, and artificial ingredients that can promote inflammation in the body, potentially worsening eczema symptoms. Added sugars contribute to insulin spikes and systemic inflammation, which may exacerbate skin conditions. A diet focused on whole, unprocessed foods rich in nutrients supports overall skin health and may reduce flare-ups74.

10. Spices

Certain spices, including cinnamon, vanilla, cloves, and others, can trigger allergic reactions or sensitivities that worsen eczema in some people. These spices may also contain Balsam of Peru or related compounds. If spices seem to aggravate symptoms, it is advisable to eliminate them temporarily and observe any changes76.

11. Nickel-Containing Foods and Canned Foods

Nickel allergy is a common cause of contact eczema and can also provoke systemic reactions when nickel-containing foods are consumed. Foods high in nickel include wheat, legumes, soy products, nuts, and canned foods (due to nickel in the can lining). People with nickel sensitivity may experience eczema flare-ups after eating these foods. Avoiding high-nickel foods and canned products may help manage symptoms in sensitive individuals356.

12. Chocolate and Certain Fruits

Chocolate and some fruits like strawberries have been reported as triggers for eczema flare-ups in certain individuals. These foods may contain allergens or compounds that stimulate immune responses leading to skin inflammation. Sensitivity varies widely, so monitoring symptoms and possibly eliminating these foods temporarily can help identify if they contribute to eczema86.

Managing Eczema Through Diet: Practical Tips

• Identify Personal Triggers: Not everyone with eczema reacts to the same foods. Keeping a detailed food and symptom diary can help identify specific triggers.

• Consult Healthcare Professionals: Before making significant dietary changes or elimination diets, consult with a doctor, allergist, or registered dietitian to ensure nutritional needs are met and to avoid unnecessary restrictions.

• Consider Elimination Diets: Under professional supervision, elimination diets can help pinpoint problematic foods by removing suspected triggers for several weeks and then gradually reintroducing them while monitoring symptoms.

• Focus on Anti-Inflammatory Foods: Incorporate fresh fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, healthy fats (like omega-3s), and whole grains to support skin health and reduce inflammation.

• Avoid Processed and Sugary Foods: Minimize intake of processed foods, refined sugars, and additives that may promote inflammation.

• Be Cautious with Cross-Contamination: For allergies to nuts, dairy, or soy, be vigilant about food labels and cross-contact in food preparation.

Conclusion

Eczema is a complex condition influenced by various factors, including diet. While not all individuals with eczema will react to the same foods, certain common allergens and irritants are known to exacerbate symptoms. Dairy, eggs, nuts, wheat/gluten, soy, fish, citrus fruits, tomatoes, processed foods, spices, nickel-containing foods, and chocolate are among the top foods that can worsen eczema in sensitive individuals. Identifying and avoiding personal trigger foods, ideally under medical guidance, can significantly help in managing eczema flare-ups and improving quality of life.

By adopting a mindful approach to diet and focusing on nutrient-rich, anti-inflammatory foods, individuals with eczema can better control their symptoms and support overall skin health.

This article is based on current research and expert recommendations from sources including Healthline, Ulike, Healthgrades, Verum Cutis, Nutritionist Resource, Health.com, Medical News Today, Cymbiotika, and Everyday Health123785946.